N4 · UNIT 12

Review + Mock Exam

The summit of N4, a guided review of the verb engine, the conditional quartet, and the evidence ladder, then a 20-question mock exam in JLPT format. Exam day has arrived.

About this unit

Two levels, twenty-four units, 220 kanji, nearly nine hundred words, and one morning to show it. This review unit rebuilds N4 as three systems you can hold in your head at once: the conjugation engine that every form runs on, the four conditionals, and the ladder of almost-knowing. Then the mock exam, in real JLPT format. The dialogue is exam day itself, because Maria's story and yours have been the same story all along.

語彙 · Vocabulary 20 words · 0 kanji

1

Read the words

Read straight down the list once, out loud if you can. Don't grind them here, the Anki deck at the bottom does the memorizing. Right now you only want the shapes and sounds to feel familiar.

WordReadingMeaning
result
grades; performance
score; points
listening (section)
mock exam
confidence
nervousness
to be nervous
relaxation
to calm down
to re-check; to review one's answers
watch; clock
early rising
being late
venue
reception (desk)
number (assigned)
to pray; to wish
celebration
good work; well done today
2

Learn the kanji

The 0 kanji for this unit. Tap any card to flip between its meaning and its readings, and say the reading aloud as it flips.

3

Read it in context

Everything above, working together. Read the conversation top to bottom, out loud. Every line is built only from words and kanji you have already met, so resist the English, tap a word only if you are truly stuck.

Show English

The first Sunday of July. Outside the university test venue, three friends with three examinee numbers and varying amounts of sleep.

ゆき
Morning, you two! Nobody was late, good sign.
マリア
Morning. I was so nervous I barely slept.
たなか
Same. I woke up at four and that was that.
ゆき
You're both going to be fine. You studied at the library every week, didn't you?
マリア
Yeah. Mr. Tanaka helped me so much with grammar.
たなか
And Maria helped me with listening. The anime-trained ear is strong.
ゆき
Sounds like you're both set to pass, then.
マリア
When it's over, shall we all celebrate? Karaoke, ramen, anything.
たなか
Let's do both. Ramen first, then we go sing.
ゆき
Oh, it's almost time. Got your examinee numbers? Pencils?
マリア
All here. ...Okay. Let's go!
ゆき
Good luck! I'll be waiting right here when you're done.
Notice: read the dialogue again and count the units in it, 教えてもらいました (N4-2), ねられませんでした (N4-4 potential), さめてしまいました (N4-8), ごうかくできそう (N4-11), 終わったら (N4-6), 食べてから (N5-9). If this conversation reads easily, you are not preparing for N4. You are past it.
Stop, learn the vocabulary before the grammar

These units are short on purpose. The grammar only clicks when the words are already automatic, so front-load the deck here, and let spaced repetition do the memorizing while the lesson does the teaching.

  1. Import this unit's deck. Generate it with npm run content:deck, then import n4-unit12-deck.apkg into Anki or Migaku. (SRS connection status lives on your dashboard.)
  2. Learn all 20 words as new cards. Get through the whole deck in a sitting or two, you're aiming for recognition, not mastery yet.
  3. Review daily until every card reaches a 3–5 day interval. When the whole deck has settled at that spacing, the words are holding on their own and won't fight you during the grammar.
  4. Then come back. You'll read the patterns instead of decoding the words, and that's when a "small" unit actually soaks in.
Anki open with AnkiConnect? I can confirm the deck for you.

Tick the box above once the deck is soaking in, then the grammar unlocks.

文法 · Grammar 3 patterns

Take one pattern at a time. Read the rule, then read each example out loud until the shape feels obvious. The words should already be automatic from your deck, so all you are learning here is how they lock together.

Quick suggestion: write these patterns down by hand as you read them. It is the one habit that textbook learners and self-taught immersion learners both swear by, and a notebook is the cheapest memory upgrade there is. Not required, just recommended.
Every N4 form is the same e/a/o-row slide you learned for て: potential (e-row+る 話せる), passive (a-row+れる 話される), volitional (o-row+う 話そう), ない, たら, ば. One engine, different gears, never memorize forms separately again.
Write → can write / is written / let's write / don't write / if written.
Eat → the る-verb runs every machine with られ・よう・な・たら.
Note: The famous ambush: for る-verbs, potential and passive are identical (食べられる). Particles referee, が marks what you CAN eat, に marks who ate it on you. The mock exam checks this.
Four ways to join two facts: たら (if/when, the all-rounder), と (automatic result), ても (even if), のに (even though, with sting). Requests and invitations ride only on たら.
If it rains, canceled. Press it and it comes out. Rain or not, I'm going. Practiced, and lost anyway.
If you have time, please call, only たら can carry this request.
Note: Choose by the second half: request/invitation → たら. Machine-certainty → と. Doesn't matter → ても. Hurts a little → のに.
How you know decides how you say: stem+そう (my eyes), plain+そう (someone told me), よう/みたい (I infer), でしょう (I'd bet), かもしれない (coin flip). The JLPT's favorite N4 territory.
Looks tasty (my eyes) vs reportedly tasty (someone's word).
Looks like rain / I hear it'll rain / seems it'll rain / it'll probably rain / it might rain.
Note: When stuck on an evidence question, ask: whose testimony is this sentence? Eyes → stem-そう. Ears → plain-そう. Clues → よう. Forecast → でしょう. Shrug → かも.

文化 · Culture note

A short read on the world these words live in. Nothing to drill here, just the context that makes the grammar feel like something people actually say.

Test Day, and What Comes After

JLPT day has a liturgy. Examinees arrive absurdly early, Japanese punctuality doubles for exams, find their room by examinee number, and lay out the permitted objects: pencils, eraser, watch (venues famously lack clocks), voucher. Phones go off and away; the proctors read instructions verbatim; the listening section's audio quality is a running joke among test-takers worldwide. Between sections, hallways fill with people furiously flipping through workbooks one last time, which has never once helped.

The results ritual is longer: about two months of waiting, then a login page that millions of people refresh simultaneously. N4 requires roughly half the total points, with a minimum in each section, a pass is a pass, whether by one point or fifty. The certificate arrives by mail, printed more formally than most diplomas, and goes on resumes in Japan without irony: JLPT levels are real currency for jobs and visas.

But the deeper ritual is the one Maria's group has planned: the after-party. うちあげ, the celebration after a shared effort, is mandatory culture, whether the exam went well or badly. You did the thing; the thing is over; now ramen. And the road doesn't end here. N3, the bridge to real fluency, where textbook Japanese and native Japanese finally merge, is where this course goes next. 道はつづく.

Try it: Whatever your mock-exam score today, say this unit's last vocabulary word to yourself out loud and mean it: おつかれさまでした. In Japan, honoring the effort is not optional, including your own.

生教材 · Immersion 3 assignments · real Japanese, on rails

This week in the wild

The final missions of N4 are a graduation ceremony, each one something that was impossible for you six months ago, and is merely challenging now.

You will not understand everything, that is the point. Success is recognizing this unit's patterns in the wild, not full comprehension. Tick what you tried and move on.

発話 · Speaking 8 ghost drills · say it out loud

Ghosting

The last ghost drills of N4 are a conversation with everyone you've been, say them as yourself. Then go schedule a real conversation, a language partner, a tutor, a Japanese-speaking friend. The course got your mouth moving; only people keep it moving.

Three passes per line: listen, speak along with the voice (that's the ghost), then speak alone. Out loud, whispering doesn't build the muscle. Prompt drills show English first: answer in Japanese before revealing.

I was so nervous I could barely sleep last night.
Mr. Tanaka helped me so much with grammar.
When it's over, shall we all celebrate?
Good luck! I'll be waiting right here when you're done.
Say it in Japanese: I've been studying Japanese for two years.
Hint: Your real answer may vary, ています for the ongoing truth.
Say it in Japanese: I learned Japanese while watching anime.
Hint: ながら, and for many of you, simply true.
Say it in Japanese: I'm planning to take N3 next year.
Hint: The volitional plan, say it and it starts becoming true.
Say it in Japanese: Everyone, great work!
Hint: The last word of N4. Mean it.

Audio uses your browser's Japanese voice. If you hear nothing, your system may need a Japanese voice installed, read the lines aloud from the text instead; the ghost pass still works.

練習 · Worksheet 8 exercises

The pre-exam warmup, one item per system. Type answers in hiragana.

Check your answers to continue, it doesn't matter how many you miss.

Unit Quiz JLPT FORMAT

Pass mark 80% · instant explanations · passing unlocks the next unit